China Financial Reform
Richard Herd, Charles Pigott and Sam Hill
OECD - ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT WORKING PAPERS No. 747
The document China's Financial Sector Reform, prepared by Richard Herd, Charles Pigott and Sam Hill presents reforms to modernise and strengthen the financial sector have continued in recent years that have given rise to stronger Chinese banks. Concludes that "although the bond market has continued to grow, corporate bond issuance remains relatively small and this segment will need to be further developed in order to address the over-reliance on the banking system".
Full text: http://www.olis.oecd.org/olis/2010doc.nsf/LinkTo/NT00000AEE/$FILE/JT03277812.PDF
ABSTRACT/RÉSUMÉ
China’s financial sector reforms
Reforms to modernise and strengthen the financial sector have continued in recent years. The cleaning-up of the stock of non-performing loans is largely completed and considerable progress has been made in improving commercial banks’ corporate governance structures and risk management systems. These reforms have given rise to stronger Chinese banks which have so far weathered the global slowdown well. Reform of capital markets has focused on phasing out trading prohibitions on non-traded shares and modernising securities market institutions. Efforts have also been made to improve credit access to underserved segments, notably small and medium-sized enterprises and rural China. Despite progress in opening up the financial sector to international investors and in allowing domestic investors to invest abroad, liberalisation has been slow and in most market segments the foreign share remains very small.
Ownership of financial institutions remains dominated by the State, raising issues concerning the financial system’s ability to serve the private sector as well as the extent to which banks lending decisions are based purely on commercial considerations. Although the bond market has continued to grow, corporate bond issuance remains relatively small and this segment will need to be further developed in order to address the over-reliance on the banking system.
This Working Paper relates to the 2010 OECD Economic Survey of China (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/china)
JEL classification: G00; H81
Keywords: China; liberalisation; financial sector; capital market; non-performing loans; commercial banks; risk management; non-traded shares; SMEs; international capital movements.
Les réformes financières en Chine
Les réformes visant à moderniser et à renforcer le secteur financier ont continué dans les années récentes. L’assainissement des bilans a beaucoup avancé et on a assisté à une nette amélioration des systèmes de gouvernance et de gestion des risques dans les banques commerciales. Ces changements ont abouti à une consolidation des banques chinoises, qui jusqu’ici ont bien résisté au ralentissement mondial.
La réforme des marchés de capitaux a privilégié la suppression progressive des restrictions concernant les actions non négociables et la modernisation des institutions opérant sur les marchés de titres. On a aussi pris des mesures pour faciliter l’accès au crédit des secteurs mal desservis, notamment les PME et le milieu
rural. Malgré l’ouverture progressive du secteur financier aux investisseurs tnternationaux et l’autorisation postérieure donnée aux investisseurs nationaux d’opérer à l’étranger, la libéralisation a été lente et la part étrangère reste très réduite dans la plupart des compartiments du marché. L’État demeure le principal
propriétaire des institutions financières, ce qui amène à s’interroger sur leur capacité à servir le secteur privé et sur le degré auquel les décisions de prêt des banques sont guidées par des considérations commerciales. Bien que le marché obligataire continue à se développer, l’émission de titres de sociétés est encore relativement limitée et devra s’accroître pour réduire le recours excessif au système bancaire.
Ce Document de travail a trait à l’Étude économique de l’OCDE de la Chine, 2010 (www.oecd.org/eco/etudes/chine).
Classification JEL: G00; H81
Mots clés: Chine; libéralisation; secteur financier; marchés des capitaux; prêts non productifs; banques commerciales; gestion des risques; actions non-négociables; PME; mouvements de capitaux internationaux.
© OECD 2010 Application for permission to reproduce or translate all, or part of, this material should be made to: Head of Publications Service, OECD, 2 rue André-Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France.
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